2-3. noun phrase constituent: modifier
2-3-1. noun + to relative clause
- Descriptions
- Noun + to relative clauses modify the noun phrase and provide infomation as to the direction, destination, intention, or subsequent action.
- They are introduced by to, followed by a verb in infinitive form (e.g play, create, observe).
- More common in conversation than in writing.
- Tag
tocls+rel
is tagged on the main verb of the to relative clause.
- Examples
- You're the best person to ask.
- There's just a lot to think about. (p. 607)
- She is probably the best player to play college basketball.
- He showed us the way to get to our house. (p. 604)
2-3-2. noun + ing relative clause
- Descriptions
- Noun + ing relative clauses modify the noun phrase and typically describe an ongoing action or activity related to the modified noun.
- Introduced by verbs in present participle form (e.g lying, watching, waiting)
- Most frequent in academic prose but moderately common across registers.
- Tag
ingcls+rel
is tagged on the main verb of the ing relative clause.
- Examples
- Elevated levels are treated with a diet consisting of low cholesterol foods.
- The woman standing in the corner is my sister.
- After the outer walls fell the soldiers found the nobles seeking shelter in the castle
2-3-3. noun + ed relative clause
- Descriptions
- Noun + ed passive relative clauses exist to modify the noun phrase to provide additional information about the noun.
- Introduced by a verb in past participle form (e.g donated, created, espoused).
- Some verbs are irregular, such as see (seen), write (written), or sing (sung).
- Most frequent in academic prose compared to other registers.
- Tag
edcls+rel
is tagged on the main verb of the ed relative clause.
- Examples
- This is a phrase used in the recruitment industry.
- Abundant food and available healthcare are among the products required to support a huge and growing population. (p. 604)
- The castle meeting between the three men produced the Three Musketeers.
- The final thing the townspeople heard was the battalion's anthem sung as they marched over the hill.
LxGrTagger Annotation
main